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Garage Door Glossary of Terminology
A
A-Frame
Support member used to fasten torsion spring assembly of a vertical lift door to the wall above the door opening.
Adjusting Cone (Winding Sleeve, Winding Cone)
Part that fits into torsion spring permitting winding and tension adjustment.
Angle-Mounted Track
A method of fastening vertical track to a doorjamb using a fully adjustable continuos angle: 2 ½" x 4" x 3/32" on 2" track and minimum 3 5/8" x 5" x 1/8" on 3" track.
Astragal
Weather-strip attached to the bottom rail or extrusion of the door to seal it against the floor.
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B
Backroom
The distance back from the door opening into the building to the first obstruction at the required headroom.
Booster Spring
Additional spring provided to compensate for weakened counterbalance. (Usually extension spring.)
Bottom Fixture (Bottom Corner Bracket)
A structural support located on the bottom section, which hold track rollers and provide for attachment of the lifting cables on the sectional doors.
Bracket Mounted
Method of fastening vertical track to a doorjamb using jamb brackets.
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C
Cable Clamps
A manufactured device used to secure two pieces of cable to each other. Size of clamp is determined by the cable diameter.
Cable Drums
Grooved drums fitted on torsion spring shaft onto which lifting cable is wound when door is opened.
Cable Safety Device
A safety bottom fixture specifically designed to prevent a door from falling in the event of cable breakage.
Carry-Away Post
A lightweight extruded aluminum post/track assembly which substitutes for door jamb in multiple door installations where a clear span is required. Can be released and carried from opening.
Center Hinge
Flat hinge located on all intermediate stiles to allow for section break as door opens.
Center Lift Cable
An additional lifting cable attached to the exterior of the door to provide support for extra wide or heavy doors.
Center Stile/Stile/Mullion/ Mutt
Vertical members of a door section which provide structural rigidity and location for center hinge attachment.
Chain Hoist
Refers to sprocket or pocket wheel attached to shaft with chain operation giving varying mechanical advantage in ratios of from 2 to 1.3 to 1 or 4 to 1, etc.
Contour Track
Special horizontal track with more than one radius used in specialty applications.
Corner Bracket
See BOTTOM FIXTURE.
Counterweight
Refers to design of door mechanisms using weights instead of springs to counterbalance door weight.
Cycle
One full opening and closing operation of a sectional door.
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D
DASMA
Door and Access System Manufacturing Association. International manufacturing trade association with 4 divisions: residential & commercial sectional doors; rolling doors; operator & electronics; and association division.
Dead Load
A static applied load. A load without movement.
Double Car (DC)
Door section width > 10' 1"
Double Low Headroom Track
Special horizontal track with a pair of tracks used to reduce the high point of travel of the top section of a door to permit installation in a low headroom application.
Double Shaft
Double torsion spring shaft used when additional space is required to accommodate counterbalance spring wire.
Duplex Spring
A combination of two torsion springs of different diameters telescoped within common spring plugs.
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E
Edge Hinge (Roller Hinge)
Graduated hinge, which is attached to end stile of the door sections to carry track rollers.
Electric Interlock
Interlock to prevent door operation by electric motor under specific circumstances.
Electric Opener
Electric motorized device to control door cycling.
End Stile
Stile located at each end of a door section, which provides for attachment of edge hinges. These stiles carry the total section load and should be of superior strength to provide structural integrity.
Extension Spring
Counterbalance springs, which provide lifting power by stretching. Generally mounted above horizontal tracks.
Exterior Lock
Keyed lock, which can be operated on exterior of the door.
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F
Ferrules
A metal ring or cap that is affixed to a cable so as to form a bottom
or loop on the end of the cable.
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G
GDO's
Garage Door Openers
Graduated Seal
Design of tapered vertical track and a graduated height of edge hinges, which assure a weathertight, fit between door and jamb.
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H
Headroom
The distance above the top of the door opening to the nearest obstruction.
Headplate
Special plate attached to front of horizontal tracks for limited sideroom application.
Header Seal
Weather-stripping which fastens to the top of the door to seal the door along the top of the opening.
High Lift
See LIFT CLEARANCE.
High Cycle Springs
Special counterbalance springs with increased cycle lift capability for high usage doors.
Horizontal Track Assembly
An assembly made up of a piece of track and which can be reinforced
with a piece of angle that is used to both guide and support the door
in the horizontal position.
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I
IDA International Door Association
The dealer/installer trade association.
Inclined Track
A horizontal track that follows the slope or slant of a building roof line.
Inside Lock
Spring loaded, sliding deadbolt lock operated only from interior
of the door.
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J
Jackshaft Opener
Electric operator which mounts on the wall or ceiling and directly drives torsion spring shaft. For use only on lift clearance or vertical lift doors.
Jamb Angle (Jamb Bracket)
"L" shaped bracket used to vertical tracks to doorjambs.
Jamb Seal
Weather-stripping attached to doorjambs to help seal door along the jambs.
Joint Seal
Weather-stripping attached to door section meeting edges to seal door between sections.
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L
Lap Jamb
Condition where door sections lap the door opening one inch on each jamb.
Lateral Force
A force applied from or toward the side.
Lift Clearance
The distance above the top of the door opening to the centerline of the horizontal track. This term is often confused with the term "headroom."
Lite
Term for windows in sectional doors.
Low Headroom
Hardware accessories to provide for door installation with minimum
headroom conditions. Usually less than 16" headroom.
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M
Metallurgist Report
A report of document that describes the composition of a material.
Mill Certification
A report or document from the producing mill that provides all pertinent data relative to the composition, structure, heat, etc. of a given material.
Mullion
A slender dividing bar fixed or removable between two doors. Usually designed to carry wind load and not vertical load.
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N
Normal Headroom
Hardware standard to provide for door installation with standard headroom conditions. Usually 16" to 24" of headroom.
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O
Open Back Door
Hollow door with no insulation or back.
Opening Height
Distance from floor to the top of a door opening.
Opening Width
Distance between jambs of the door opening.
Opener / Operator
A device used to control the up and down motion of a door.
Outside Hook-Up
Bottom fixture with an arm that bends around vertical track to receive lifting cables. Generally used with low headroom hardware.
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P
Panel
The area between stiles in a door section. The "look" of a door is considered the "panel style."
Pass Door
Entry person door which is built-in to a sectional door.
Perimeter Seal
Complete weatherstripping package for sectional doors consisting of astragal, jamb seal and header seal.
Pocket Wheel
A wheel or drum machined in a way to receive the individual links of a chain. Used to transmit direct power.
Push Down Spring Bumper
Spring-activated push rods mounted on horizontal tracks to force door down during closing portion of door cycle. Generally used with jackshaft type operator or manual chain hoist with standard lift.
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R
Radial Force
A force generated from the center of an object toward the outside.
Rollers
Steel and nylon, ball-bearing wheels that allow sections to roll freely along door tracks.
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S
Sandwich Door
Triple-Layer: Steel + Insulation + Steel Interior. Classica, Heritage, Stratfford and Olympus 3000 (residential) and Models 2700, 1380 & 1000 (commercial).
Section
Individual component of the door-full opening width
Shaft Bearings
A free rolling, cylindrical, ball bearing that is used to guide the torsion shaft, maintain alignment, and reduce friction.
Sheaves
A pulley with a ball bearing built into it that is designed to handle a cable and used to control the movement of the cables employed in door counter balance system.
Side Bearing Plate (End Bearing Plate)
A bracket that attaches to the horizontal supports and possibly the wall to provide a bearing surface for the torsion shaft near the ends.
Sideroom
Distance from each doorjamb to the nearest obstruction.
Single Car (SC)
Door section width < 10'
Spring Assembly
Hardware used to make up door counter-balance assembly.
Spring Bumper
Small spring-cushioned bumper attached to horizontal track to stop door at full open position.
Spring Pad (Center Bearing Plate)
Plate or bracket which is located on the wall above door opening to receive torsion spring assembly support brackets.
Spring Fittings
The sleeves or cones that are used to adapt the torsion springs to the torsion shaft. One piece is a stationary sleeve or spring retainer, while the second piece is an adjusting cone or winding sleeve.
Stationary Sleeves (Spring Retainers)
Part that fits into the end of a torsion spring permitting the spring to be anchored to the spring anchor plate.
Stiles
Vertical members of a door section which provide structural rigidity and a location for hinge attachment. Generic term.
Swing-Up Post
An extruded aluminum post which substitutes for doorjambs in multiple door installations where a clear span is required. Operated by a hand winch or electric operator, it swings up parallel to header.
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T
Tapered Vertical Track
Refers to the graduated spacing of the vertical track away from the jamb permitting weather-tight closing of door against jamb.
Top Fixture
Adjustable brackets, which carry track rollers, mounted on the top corners of the top section of the sectional door.
Torsion Shaft
The shaft of a torsion spring assembly, which transmits lifting power of the torsion springs to cable drums and lifting cables.
Torsion Springs
Counterbalance springs which provide balancing power by winding and unwinding through door cycle.
Track
Channel shaped metal bars or rails in which sectional door rollers are guided.
Trajectory
The arc of travel or sweep of the top section as the door is raised from closed to open position.
Trolley Operator
Electric operator, which mounts above the door in the horizontal position and lifts door by pulling, and pushing the top section. Specifically designed for normal headroom and low headroom doors.
Truss (Struts)
Heavy duty support stiffener to increase wind load capacities of a door as well as reduce deflection of the door sections in the horizontal position.
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U
Upper Vertical Track
Horizontal track assembly on a vertical lift door.
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V
Vertical Lift
Refers to a hardware design that causes doors to open vertically, no horizontal tracks required. This hardware is normally operated with spring counterbalance, but also possible with weight counterbalance.
Vertical Track
Track assembly mounted to door opening jambs to guide and support a sectional door in the "closed" or "vertical" position.
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W
Wind Load
The amount of force (in PSF) exerted by the wind along the face of the door as it stands in the opening.
Winding Sleeve (Adjusting Cone)
Part that fits into torsion spring permitting winding and tension adjustment.
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